Empowerment of Women in India: A Study of Jalpaiguri District of West Bengal

Abstract

Women’s empowerment is a central component of India’s socio-economic transformation and a key indicator of sustainable development. This study investigates the dynamics of women’s empowerment in the Jalpaiguri District of West Bengal, emphasizing the social, economic, and political dimensions of empowerment. Employing a qualitative research design, the study draws upon primary data obtained through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and case studies, supplemented by secondary data from government reports, academic literature, and NGO documentation. The findings indicate that initiatives such as self-help groups (SHGs), government welfare schemes, and non-governmental interventions have contributed significantly to enhancing women’s agency, decision-making capacity, and economic participation. However, persistent challenges including patriarchal social structures, limited access to education and financial resources, and cultural constraints—continue to impede comprehensive empowerment. The paper argues for a multidimensional policy framework integrating education, skill development, institutional support, and participatory governance to ensure sustainable empowerment outcomes.