Judicial Analysis of the Supreme Court's Landmark Decisions of 2021: A Critical and Analytical Study

Abstract

The year 2021 marked a transformative phase in Indian constitutional jurisprudence. Amid the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, rapid technological developments, and evolving democratic concerns, the Supreme Court of India delivered several landmark judgments that substantially influenced constitutional governance, administrative accountability, federalism, public health, digital privacy, and commercial law. Rather than merely resolving disputes, these decisions reaffirmed the judiciary's role as the guardian of constitutional values and fundamental rights. This article critically examines some of the most significant Supreme Court decisions delivered in 2021, analyses the constitutional principles emerging from these judgments, and evaluates their long-term impact on Indian jurisprudence. It argues that the Court adopted a balanced approach by safeguarding constitutional liberties while recognizing the legitimate functions of the legislature and the executive