A Study on the Socio-Economic Status of Women Workers in Informal Sector

Abstract

The informal sector is a significant, yet often overlooked, component of economies worldwide, particularly in developing nations. It encompasses a wide array of economic activities that are unregistered, unregulated, and largely untaxed, ranging from street vending and domestic work to home-based production and small-scale services. Within this vast and diverse sector, women constitute a substantial and often marginalized workforce. Their socio-economic status is a complex interplay of systemic vulnerabilities, economic contributions, and the ongoing struggle for recognition and rights. The informal sector is characterized by a lack of formal contracts, social security benefits, and legal protections. For women, this often translates into precarious employment, low wages, and exploitative working conditions. Often working long hours for meager pay, with no holidays or social security. They are particularly susceptible to exploitation and abuse due to the private nature of their workplaces.  The absence of minimum wage regulations and collective bargaining power leads to abysmally low wages, often below the poverty line. Income is often irregular, making it difficult to meet basic needs and plan for the future. Informal women workers typically lack access to social security schemes such as health insurance, maternity benefits, pensions, and unemployment benefits. This leaves them vulnerable to economic shocks, illness, and old-age poverty.